Coffee Waves
Author: Cheyenne Pittman
Maybe some of you have heard the term “Third Wave Coffee.” Maybe you saw it on some trendy looking coffee shop in a hazy Portland neighborhood. Maybe, you have actually never heard the term but clicked on this post thinking that it was going to talk about coffee and surfing. Nonetheless, we wanted to write this post in order to clarify what each of the “Waves” mean.
Third Wave coffee is a movement, similar to the different waves of feminism that our world has seen in history, coffee has gone through incredible changes throughout time. You could compare these waves to the Industrial Revolutions as well, when the two different revolutions happened, they changed everything for good. The term wave was first coined by Trish Rothgeb in 2002 in the Roasters Guild Publication, defining the different movements of coffee. In order to talk about Third Wave, we should probably start by talking about the First and Second Waves.
First Wave
First Wave Coffee, started in the 1800s, is the movement where coffee was essentially put on the map. It was spread around the world and consumed by the working class. This wave put vacuum sealed containers and instant coffee into people’s homes. The only thing that mattered about this coffee was its caffeine potential, there wasn't a care about where it came from or what brand it was. It was mostly bitter and roasted dark in order to have uniformity. Folgers, Maxwell House, and Mr. Coffee were some of the leading names that could have been found during this time.
Second Wave
Second Wave Coffee started in the late 1960s and 70s. It is the movement that put large scale industrial coffee shops and brand names into the light. The powerhouses of Starbucks, Dunkin Donuts, and Peets reigned champions of this wave. People began to care more about the name that was on the sleeve of their cup or on the outside of their coffee bag. The use of coffee tins seemed to decline as comfortable and cozy coffee shops increased. The prices of coffee were able to increase because the quality of coffee was going up and the ambiance that Starbucks and other shops produced seemed to justify the cost. Interestingly enough, in the U.S., alcohol sales were declining as more people spent their time lounging in coffee shops rather than bars. The focus wasn’t necessarily on the coffee itself but more the atmosphere of the coffee houses. Origins of the coffee were posted, but that didn't necessarily mean that the quality was increased by any exponential means. Second wave is also responsible for the invention of more espresso based drinks such as the frappuccino in order to appeal to larger audiences.
Third Wave
Now that brings us to Third Wave Coffee, which is our current wave. “The third wave is, in many ways, a reaction. It is just as much a reply to bad coffee as it is a movement towards good coffee.” -Trish R. Skeie. It is the current wave we are in now, where the coffee connoisseur was born. It came from a very niche market in the 1980s that started experimenting with different roast profiles. In 1982, the Specialty Coffee Association was born, which has given a platform for those who are focusing more on the bean itself. It’s focusing on fair trade rather than straight exploitation of the coffee farmers. This Third Wave has elevated coffee to the level of care that goes into wine. People are focusing more on the origin of the coffee, the tasting notes, and the ways in which it was brewed than ever before. The quality of the coffee is of utmost importance now. There aren't just a handful of coffee companies in this wave either, the small coffee shops found in their respective cities with baristas sporting tattoos and handsome beards are the new brand.
Fourth Wave
Lastly, there seems to be a new wave in the workings. The Fourth Wave is a wave that seems to be slowly arriving but once it is here, there can truly be no going back. The Fourth Wave is exactly what the North Central Coffee Lab is striving for. Fourth Wave is focusing on every single person in the supply chain. Where the quality of the bean is equally as important as the quality of the working and living environments of the producers of the coffee farmers. The dream for this wave is that once farmers are paid what they need to thrive, there won’t be any going back to them being exploited. Fourth Wave strives to surpass fair trade and go to direct trade. Where the coffee farmers aren’t just surviving on what they are being paid for their product, but they are actually thriving.
Photo Credit: Brad Thalmann
https://www.harlephotography.com
Sources:
Light, Michael Paul. “Trish Rothgeb Coined 'Third Wave' - and Is Now Looking toward Coffee's Future.” Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles Times, 4 Oct. 2019, www.latimes.com/food/story/2019-10-04/third-wave-coffee-trish-rothgeb.
Oksnevad, Dan. “The Differences Between 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Wave Coffee.” Driven Coffee, 27 May 2019, www.drivencoffee.com/blog/coffee-waves-explained/.
“WAVES OF COFFEE EXPLAINED.” Essense Coffee, 1 Oct. 2019, essense.coffee/en/waves-of-coffee-explained/.
https://github.com/kaina134556666666666/kaina123/issues/1
https://github.com/Thanaratchaku/Thammapak-/issues/1
https://github.com/Reongsamai/Pipattanakul/issues/1
https://github.com/Jarassopon/Chartpipak-/issues/1
https://github.com/Prommabuth/Srisarawong/issues/1
https://github.com/Thammapak/Srisawatwongchai-/issues/1
https://github.com/Gongkiatsakul/Pichitcharoenwong-/issues/1
https://github.com/Narinchanok/Anansapcharoen/issues/1
https://github.com/Panichvattanaku/Pichitcharoenwong-/issues/1
https://github.com/Vichayaprasertkul/Siripapan/issues/1
https://github.com/Nitithamrong/Rattanaprasert/issues/1
https://github.com/Rattanaprasit22/Udomsawatdisuk-/issues/1
https://github.com/Chakraphanpradit/Kajornsakkoso/issues/1
https://github.com/Gongkiatsakul/Pichitcharoenwong-/issues/1
https://github.com/Narinchanok/Anansapcharoen/issues/1
https://github.com/Panichvattanaku/Pichitcharoenwong-/issues/1
https://github.com/Vichayaprasertkul/Siripapan/issues/1
https://github.com/Nitithamrong/Rattanaprasert/issues/1
https://github.com/Rattanaprasit22/Udomsawatdisuk-/issues/1
https://github.com/Chakraphanpradit/Kajornsakkoso/issues/1
https://github.com/Wiwatthanasak/Ronnaporn-/issues/1
https://github.com/Supannapakin/Chompunut-/issues/1
https://github.com/antaraprasert/Patanapreecha-/issues/1
https://github.com/Patamadecha/Nichakarn-/issues/1
https://github.com/Jeerawongsa/Kiatwittaya-/issues/1
https://github.com/Bannawan/Weerachai-/issues/1
http://diamondlnwpg168.com/
https://paiklangna.com/
https://diamondlnwpg168.com/
https://www.paiklangna.com/
https://br.advfn.com/forum/perfil/bluezardriri9
https://scrapbox.io/noneyseo1/NonneySeo
https://cara.app/noney168/all
https://www.bitsdujour.com/profiles/aCQrfW
https://yesilkartforum.com/forum/user/noney1688
https://forum.lexulous.com/user/bluezardriri
https://popl.co/profile/KJdIwsLe/dash
https://github.com/Programming-from-A-to-Z/A2Z-F15/issues/30
https://github.com/defunkt/ambitious_activeldap/issues/14
https://github.com/openai/sparse_attention/issues/13
https://github.com/dashpradeep99/https-github.com-miguellgt-books/issues/6
https://github.com/HoyDiamond/DiamondSeo01/issues/1
https://github.com/cy4nguy/PythonSimpleKeylogger/issues/3
https://github.com/gzc/isystem/issues/1
https://github.com/SaeruHikari/SakuraEngine-Old/issues/3
https://github.com/xyba1337/ValorantEZTS/issues/3
https://github.com/henryjeff/portfolio-website/issues/16
https://github.com/EllanJiang/GameFramework/issues/76
https://github.com/HoyDiamond/DiamondSeo01/issues/2
https://github.com/qianjiahao/MongoDB/issues/2
https://github.com/u21h2/nacs/issues/13
https://github.com/Programming-from-A-to-Z/A2Z-F15/issues/31
https://github.com/qw3rtman/p/issues/35
https://github.com/Pleumpi1688/Kittichaiya1680/discussions/1
https://github.com/bitsandbytes-foundation/bitsandbytes/discussions/1631
https://github.com/rafaballerini/GitTutorial/issues/200
https://github.com/Yalantis/uCrop/issues/948
http://diamondlnwpg168.com/
https://paiklangna.com/
https://github.com/11DIAMOND168/Mac/issues/1
https://github.com/22DIAMOND168/Mack/issues/1
https://github.com/DIAMOND168MM/Mac/issues/1
https://github.com/DIAMOND168MM/Mac/issues/1
https://github.com/DAMDAMme11225566/Natoo/issues/1
https://github.com/MAVKMAVK11111111111142/Mack1259/issues/1
https://github.com/sggsdfsdfdsfds6745123/NAgoo168/issues/1
https://github.com/Lertkoonawong/Chartsombat111/issues/1
https://github.com/Prasanwong/Intaraprasart/issues/1
https://github.com/Rattanaprasert/Sangsawang111/issues/1
https://github.com/Narinchanok/Suwanwechatada111/issues/1
https://github.com/Suwankaruna/Dechaboon111/issues/2
https://github.com/Pitijamroen/Rattanaprasert111/issues/1
https://github.com/Roongrudee44/Kwankaew111/issues/1
https://github.com/4DIAMOND168/Phan/issues/1
https://github.com/5DIAMOND168/May/issues/1
https://github.com/3DIAMOND168/Muay/issues/1
https://github.com/6DIAMOND168/Mack/issues/1
https://github.com/2DIAMOND168/Mack/issues/1
https://github.com/1DIAMOND168/Mack/issues/1
https://github.com/12DIAMOND168/Mack/issues/1
https://github.com/16DIAMOND168/Mack/issues/1
https://github.com/8DIAMOND168/Mack/issues/1
https://github.com/7DIAMOND168/Mack1/issues/1
https://github.com/DIAMOND168N/Mavk/issues/1
https://github.com/kaina134556666666666/kaina123/issues/1
https://github.com/Thanaratchaku/Thammapak-/issues/1
https://github.com/Reongsamai/Pipattanakul/issues/1
https://github.com/Jarassopon/Chartpipak-/issues/1
https://github.com/Prommabuth/Srisarawong/issues/1
https://github.com/Thammapak/Srisawatwongchai-/issues/1
https://github.com/Gongkiatsakul/Pichitcharoenwong-/issues/1
https://github.com/Narinchanok/Anansapcharoen/issues/1
https://github.com/Panichvattanaku/Pichitcharoenwong-/issues/1
https://github.com/Vichayaprasertkul/Siripapan/issues/1
https://github.com/Nitithamrong/Rattanaprasert/issues/1
https://github.com/Rattanaprasit22/Udomsawatdisuk-/issues/1
https://github.com/Chakraphanpradit/Kajornsakkoso/issues/1
https://github.com/Gongkiatsakul/Pichitcharoenwong-/issues/1
https://github.com/Narinchanok/Anansapcharoen/issues/1
https://github.com/Panichvattanaku/Pichitcharoenwong-/issues/1
https://github.com/Vichayaprasertkul/Siripapan/issues/1
https://github.com/Nitithamrong/Rattanaprasert/issues/1
https://github.com/Rattanaprasit22/Udomsawatdisuk-/issues/1
https://github.com/Chakraphanpradit/Kajornsakkoso/issues/1
https://github.com/Wiwatthanasak/Ronnaporn-/issues/1
https://github.com/Supannapakin/Chompunut-/issues/1
https://github.com/antaraprasert/Patanapreecha-/issues/1
https://github.com/Patamadecha/Nichakarn-/issues/1
https://github.com/Jeerawongsa/Kiatwittaya-/issues/1
https://github.com/Bannawan/Weerachai-/issues/1
http://diamondlnwpg168.com/
https://paiklangna.com/
https://www.acerthailnd.com/
https://www.acerthailnd.com/huaythai
https://www.acerthailnd.com/contact
https://github.com/turingaicloud/quickstart/issues/10
https://github.com/kvspb/nginx-auth-ldap/issues/259
https://github.com/Kr1s77/FgSurfing/issues/2
https://github.com/stawel/ht301_hacklib/issues/17
https://www.readawrite.com/a/214f4d25558de560622e05a621f50e82
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0e674577374c700d02c06179907684f9
https://www.readawrite.com/a/bc07a411a302c5745ed269790271dee5
https://www.readawrite.com/a/44061ab0e0a9f9a5ffc212768913657e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/98daef69f8e29be4e41605c2c9a62c2b
https://www.readawrite.com/a/8efddb48243391e719153a8c549d1f56
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e0ed1725a48ec70c5f97995e40054760
https://www.readawrite.com/a/8099e4b11795b97dd342069ff262e49c
https://www.readawrite.com/a/05ec96ce6116edfc40c26fa0044a3948
https://www.readawrite.com/a/6a1ecf276db5ae5ce023a1f46061d209
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f3ebcc921b2d723e76076155dee60c11
https://www.readawrite.com/a/a2ab0a5ec243058c7001190af93559d2
https://www.readawrite.com/a/4159a0f386e527b85670136912a8104f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e6c41e8120d7f63efa8f638a049126e3
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0c3aa49ebcdd148e09c6f2b1b6a9f0af
https://www.readawrite.com/a/931fc5463e887fabc09b2e367903bef2
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e84a7b4401906dcd14175d94f13f8abf
https://www.readawrite.com/a/261eebdf6c6f0895f5a50ba412808b07
https://www.readawrite.com/a/edfa6742dd11597e5b98a4304bd6a46f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/2e47e0b15d4fc5db2207de681929afab
https://www.readawrite.com/a/30972df3c8bb679f2dcc74f43445195f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0c8f465efb2555d3cf879412eb27b435
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b5ef910470468f811dee3a24c4a50db0
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f290608acdddf792e4c29385db6b9154
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c7ff82e8703945cc396380618d976bf5
https://www.readawrite.com/a/cea85c2ae4ac5391078a4a0e10f0adda
https://www.readawrite.com/a/2ab83d88b316139391112b8ff979f15e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/cd00422fc99c5b5c03986e451309ff3e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e716048b1170a814c22d9ff22736b4a4
https://www.readawrite.com/a/4c62df38275530ba09b93d30f31e0480
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f1e3410841babfa25c3d5fe720283195
https://www.readawrite.com/a/4a12076ee6db4759d9a3f8441d1e2c6b
https://www.readawrite.com/a/1a24869d08486248cbaa4e39f29b0294
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b455c813b1380442c3f1cf530d1cc279
https://www.readawrite.com/a/9bb58b532c1942ff4d37aa34e1399973
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c492d33cf8fafa00d8d31e3771860afc
https://www.readawrite.com/a/faa8fa60b410cc17d0923b249527466a
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b56cea2d790055aeca27392ff9900a52
https://www.readawrite.com/a/3d0ce1412fd52ea5b34a4e158bf6ee22
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c5d44cf327628876f3e6eef3eb547c91
https://www.readawrite.com/a/58c484421944d3d623d19c424884f3eb
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b8f956d6a2a0355955ca9399a5aee42d
https://www.readawrite.com/a/16c0a4cc3ddf8c44ce58c28c3acfee0f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/320794a5c56f5b48a5977c27ddb1f021
https://www.readawrite.com/a/d0497f18d2b558c6fc4541b15e81ee4a
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c8a33281a5a1ac6726d6a390d7ab5327
https://www.readawrite.com/a/db9010def3b8e925a06b639d75d173f3
https://www.readawrite.com/a/343dc8ac280ff4c20f7d8b699717a20f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/382c4d9c28125c398ab0e8a64096d479
https://www.readawrite.com/a/13a936df0991d1bf91260cbd66d16b64
https://www.readawrite.com/a/d654c924bf15ee8d63a88a9ec732bffc
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b8b5d7c32623712d95a7127522de45b2
https://www.readawrite.com/a/7ef7362bc71d344064a3978dcc0052d6
https://www.readawrite.com/a/ef441f424926fb55f1162ca5925ba088
https://www.readawrite.com/a/57509a190a774f17b3e2d05f4e57abed
https://www.readawrite.com/a/2cfb4b82853e0ee6f2036b1c16eac0e1
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0f6b6bc2db9a0a205c1df58706a92e5d
https://www.readawrite.com/a/1f1cf879a0512ace3d2066dcbf3aaf7d
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b52003bcfcdeba207d13320e26c20f3c
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f968817c5963f1176389978fe301b027
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c13958a625de00544ae937b87cdc1016
https://www.readawrite.com/a/a55ef62192c50800b209a29b7cfd8119
https://www.readawrite.com/a/db01fdb31b0d90e04ae86132988c2682
https://www.readawrite.com/a/1a4b1d08ad16a3264bfe2abd0350eefb
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f81ca0900514ef444582aa360df2cf77
https://www.readawrite.com/a/3fbd44c407584a41a4f0f008bedd14de
https://www.readawrite.com/a/69592d2b800ca8c67252d6954d7e2a69
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e62c4b8fe42999c575aa4a569d43ef53
https://www.readawrite.com/a/fd6f1c707eaa3e8d5607926e93e0140a
https://www.readawrite.com/a/90d25a1705fc02783d105fbebdaa58f4
https://www.readawrite.com/a/56235e54aa1870d60682449920fc588b
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b21501d4ddde3023b68858b5b15892f9
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f42e76e6660db44e17660db2b7317b44
https://www.readawrite.com/a/400a3faacfca6067907ffdadfabee8ef
https://www.readawrite.com/a/da4c7215053686f14999a1e4372ce60e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/678479f83d9a1af1f9aee8c6787cfe2e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0eebe93f015d0550040137cd7b84b806
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f55ed8fa05c0cca4d2724896e7299720
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e288bc5a96f56d96377c3fc246ebc42a
https://www.readawrite.com/a/16c0a4cc3ddf8c44ce58c28c3acfee0f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/320794a5c56f5b48a5977c27ddb1f021
https://www.readawrite.com/a/d0497f18d2b558c6fc4541b15e81ee4a
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c8a33281a5a1ac6726d6a390d7ab5327
https://www.readawrite.com/a/db9010def3b8e925a06b639d75d173f3
https://www.readawrite.com/a/343dc8ac280ff4c20f7d8b699717a20f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/382c4d9c28125c398ab0e8a64096d479
https://www.readawrite.com/a/13a936df0991d1bf91260cbd66d16b64
https://www.readawrite.com/a/d654c924bf15ee8d63a88a9ec732bffc
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b8b5d7c32623712d95a7127522de45b2
https://www.readawrite.com/a/7ef7362bc71d344064a3978dcc0052d6
https://www.readawrite.com/a/ef441f424926fb55f1162ca5925ba088
https://www.readawrite.com/a/57509a190a774f17b3e2d05f4e57abed
https://www.readawrite.com/a/2cfb4b82853e0ee6f2036b1c16eac0e1
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0f6b6bc2db9a0a205c1df58706a92e5d
https://www.readawrite.com/a/1f1cf879a0512ace3d2066dcbf3aaf7d
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b52003bcfcdeba207d13320e26c20f3c
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f968817c5963f1176389978fe301b027
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c13958a625de00544ae937b87cdc1016
https://www.readawrite.com/a/a55ef62192c50800b209a29b7cfd8119
https://www.readawrite.com/a/db01fdb31b0d90e04ae86132988c2682
https://www.readawrite.com/a/1a4b1d08ad16a3264bfe2abd0350eefb
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f81ca0900514ef444582aa360df2cf77
https://www.readawrite.com/a/3fbd44c407584a41a4f0f008bedd14de
https://www.readawrite.com/a/69592d2b800ca8c67252d6954d7e2a69
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e62c4b8fe42999c575aa4a569d43ef53
https://www.readawrite.com/a/fd6f1c707eaa3e8d5607926e93e0140a
https://www.readawrite.com/a/90d25a1705fc02783d105fbebdaa58f4
https://www.readawrite.com/a/56235e54aa1870d60682449920fc588b
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b21501d4ddde3023b68858b5b15892f9
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f42e76e6660db44e17660db2b7317b44
https://www.readawrite.com/a/400a3faacfca6067907ffdadfabee8ef
https://www.readawrite.com/a/da4c7215053686f14999a1e4372ce60e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/678479f83d9a1af1f9aee8c6787cfe2e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0eebe93f015d0550040137cd7b84b806
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f55ed8fa05c0cca4d2724896e7299720
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e288bc5a96f56d96377c3fc246ebc42a
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0c3aa49ebcdd148e09c6f2b1b6a9f0af
https://www.readawrite.com/a/931fc5463e887fabc09b2e367903bef2
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e84a7b4401906dcd14175d94f13f8abf
https://www.readawrite.com/a/261eebdf6c6f0895f5a50ba412808b07
https://www.readawrite.com/a/edfa6742dd11597e5b98a4304bd6a46f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/5cc9e070cdd478dcc24cd1ccc0f1bbe7
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0205b2d1dc23424e81ef7e0ea9bb39b4
https://www.readawrite.com/a/2e47e0b15d4fc5db2207de681929afab
https://www.readawrite.com/a/30972df3c8bb679f2dcc74f43445195f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0c8f465efb2555d3cf879412eb27b435
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b5ef910470468f811dee3a24c4a50db0
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f290608acdddf792e4c29385db6b9154
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c7ff82e8703945cc396380618d976bf5
https://www.readawrite.com/a/cea85c2ae4ac5391078a4a0e10f0adda
https://www.readawrite.com/a/2ab83d88b316139391112b8ff979f15e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/cd00422fc99c5b5c03986e451309ff3e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e716048b1170a814c22d9ff22736b4a4
https://www.readawrite.com/a/4c62df38275530ba09b93d30f31e0480
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f1e3410841babfa25c3d5fe720283195
https://www.readawrite.com/a/4a12076ee6db4759d9a3f8441d1e2c6b
https://www.readawrite.com/a/1a24869d08486248cbaa4e39f29b0294
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b455c813b1380442c3f1cf530d1cc279
https://www.readawrite.com/a/9bb58b532c1942ff4d37aa34e1399973
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c492d33cf8fafa00d8d31e3771860afc
https://www.readawrite.com/a/faa8fa60b410cc17d0923b249527466a
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b56cea2d790055aeca27392ff9900a52
https://www.readawrite.com/a/3d0ce1412fd52ea5b34a4e158bf6ee22
https://www.readawrite.com/a/c5d44cf327628876f3e6eef3eb547c91
https://www.readawrite.com/a/58c484421944d3d623d19c424884f3eb
https://www.readawrite.com/a/b8f956d6a2a0355955ca9399a5aee42d
https://www.readawrite.com/a/0e674577374c700d02c06179907684f9
https://www.readawrite.com/a/bc07a411a302c5745ed269790271dee5
https://www.readawrite.com/a/44061ab0e0a9f9a5ffc212768913657e
https://www.readawrite.com/a/98daef69f8e29be4e41605c2c9a62c2b
https://www.readawrite.com/a/8efddb48243391e719153a8c549d1f56
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e0ed1725a48ec70c5f97995e40054760
https://www.readawrite.com/a/8099e4b11795b97dd342069ff262e49c
https://www.readawrite.com/a/05ec96ce6116edfc40c26fa0044a3948
https://www.readawrite.com/a/6a1ecf276db5ae5ce023a1f46061d209
https://www.readawrite.com/a/f3ebcc921b2d723e76076155dee60c11
https://www.readawrite.com/a/a2ab0a5ec243058c7001190af93559d2
https://www.readawrite.com/a/4159a0f386e527b85670136912a8104f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/e6c41e8120d7f63efa8f638a049126e3
https://www.readawrite.com/a/7796b11d68a96fc99e90a7aa838cce01
https://www.readawrite.com/a/8d28cf5f301201f20549d276312bb4e3
https://www.readawrite.com/a/789e0560732cf1b5b41234242f27f3a9
https://www.readawrite.com/a/717342beaa89afa6c9f37c48a866e5c7
https://www.readawrite.com/a/59f023855f12efceba8617bb9eabd4a9
https://www.readawrite.com/a/983769f53fbe82f2d456823f5ef0b816
https://www.readawrite.com/a/4bde3f64395c50c712af6f06ca4eff36
https://www.readawrite.com/a/ab3d0efe648b908e632da3740dea3581
https://www.readawrite.com/a/41367b34654f6f8cd51db158edf6fbc5
https://www.readawrite.com/a/3bba04c5de0c3603bb23699473070123
https://www.readawrite.com/a/5030c01ee1a5a9cbfd84caf4c9857f7f
https://www.readawrite.com/a/414fda0abd2d6dac0415b7cc909df854
https://www.readawrite.com/a/1b87f20e5f6c118c0d4291cc0c1f5efa
https://www.readawrite.com/a/5ec36ce0586762e77bf3353b7e28730b
https://www.readawrite.com/a/8a466ee6b8815026e566da1d1ef48e44
https://www.readawrite.com/a/a0a6cadec55d72157b3674fc98a3ff0a
https://www.readawrite.com/a/9756137ca493651a4bc457d3fba2d081
https://www.readawrite.com/a/180f5acd5634b2d9497b652929f72a42
https://www.readawrite.com/a/179291e29bbc71ccffc15fe76eef0c94
https://www.readawrite.com/a/4f3129cdf812e2c1ecdce7312aa5f5cb
https://www.readawrite.com/a/cf5cd4f9f04a10b176109da4bc60b191
https://www.readawrite.com/a/8276755612e8acafdf6b5a1cbd8b913e